[Statista] Greater China Dominates Global Microchip Exports

 

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MICROCHIPS

Greater China Dominates Global Microchip Exports

by Katharina Buchholz, Aug 1, 2022

 

U.S. President Joe Biden is expected to shortly sign into law the Chips+ bill, aimed at increasing the competitiveness of the U.S. microchip industry, alleviating dependency on Greater China and the shortage of microchips felt globally. The bill passed the Senate in a bipartisan effort before another success in the House, again with several Republicans joining Democrats in their vote. As fears of a confrontation with China are heightening, negotiations that had lasted more than a year finally came to fruition for the bill.

The cost of the bill is expected to come in at around $280 billion. This includes a key provision of around $52 billion that will go directly to U.S. chipmakers over the next five years for the expansion of their facilities as well as for research and development.

For now, Mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan remain dominant players in global microchip production, which also allows them to control half of the worldwide export market. Numbers from the UN Comtrade database show that Greater China’s exports of microchips totaled just under $400 billion in the pandemic year of 2020 - the latest for which full data is available. The United States exported semiconductors worth around $44 billion the same year, much less but still the seventh-highest in the world in a market that is dominated by Asia. In 2021, exports out of Greater China rose again to approximately $522 billion, while those out of the U.S. were up to around $53 billion.

As recently as 1990, the U.S. had still produced almost 40 percent of semiconductors globally, with Europe responsible for roughly an equal amount. The growth of cheaper production facilities in Asia, however, created a trend that changed the usual origin of semiconductors fast. By the year 2000, the U.S. and Europe together contributed only slightly more than 40 percent to global chip manufacturing, with Japan, South Korea and Taiwan taking up most of the rest. By 2020, Mainland China was expected to having expanded to as much as a quarter of global production, taking away market shares from competitors in the U.S., Europe and Asia all at the same time.

As supply chain disruptions caused microchip shortages during the Covid-19 pandemic, several countries started initiatives to boost production of the critical asset at home. Before the U.S., Japan and the EU had already announced actions to produce more semiconductors domestically.

 

DESCRIPTION This chart shows countries with the biggest export values of electronic integrated circuits in 2020 (in billion U.S. dollars).

 

References: Statsita

https://www.statista.com/chart/27878/biggest-microchip-exports-value/

 

요약

• 바이든 미국 대통령은 미국 마이크로칩 산업의 경쟁력을 높이고 중화권에 대한 의존도를 줄이고 전 세계적으로 느끼고 있는 마이크로칩 부족을 완화하기 위한 Chips+ 법안에 곧 서명할 것으로 예상되고 있음 
• 법안의 비용은 약 2,800억 달러에 이를 것으로 예상되며, 여기에는 시설 확장과 연구 개발을 위해 향후 5년 동안 미국 칩 제조업체에 직접 사용될 약 520억 달러의 주요 조항이 포함
• 현재로서는 중국 본토, 홍콩 및 대만이 세계 마이크로칩 생산의 지배적 역할을 하고 있으며 전 세계 수출 시장의 절반을 통제할 수 있음, 2021년에 중화권의 수출은 약 5,220억 달러로 다시 증가한 반면 미국의 수출은 최대 약 530억 달러로 증가
• 1990년까지만 해도 미국은 여전히 ​​전 세계 반도체의 거의 40%를 생산했으며 유럽은 거의 같은 양을 생산했으나, 아시아에서 더 저렵한 생산 시설 기반으로 빠르게 변화하는 성장 추세를 보임, 2020년까지 중국 본토는 미국, 유럽 및 아시아의 경쟁업체로부터 시장 점유율을 동시에 빼앗아 전 세계 생산량의 4분의 1까지 확장할 것으로 예상
• 공급망 중단으로 인해 Covid-19 대유행 동안 마이크로칩 부족이 발생함에 따라 여러 국가에서 국내에서 중요한 자산의 생산을 늘리기 위한 이니셔티브를 시작, 미국, 일본, EU는 이미 국내에서 더 많은 반도체를 생산하기 위한 조치를 발표